Thursday, September 1, 2022

First Cousin Marriages in my Ancestry

Most experienced genealogists are aware of a simple fact: in the old days, cousin marriages were more common. With less people to choose from, less contact with people from far away lands, etc. our ancestors were more likely to marry close relatives then they are today. Any decently sized family tree going back through the centuries is likely to include at least one cousin marriage. So far, in my research, I have found four within my own tree: three on my mother's side and one on my father's. 
  • John Ver Hoef Sr. and Martje Karsten, 3rd great grandparents, 1st cousins: This is an interesting case. John was born in Doornspijk, Province of Gelderland in the Netherlands on March 8, 1858 to Albert Verhoef, a day laborer, and Lubbertje Veldhoen. In the late 1860s, Albert and Lubbertje immigrated to West Michigan and settled in Overisel, Allegan County. On September 8, 1881, likely at Drenthe Presbyterian Church, John married Martje Karsten, who was a new immigrant to West Michigan: her and her family had left Doornspijk in April! Both John and Martje had the same hometown, and they were 1st cousins through their mothers, who were sisters. John was the son of Lubbertje Veldhoen (1833-1875) and Martje was the daughter of Jannetje Veldhoen (1819-1901), who were both daughters of Jan Veldhoen (1784-1835) and Geertje Alberts Klein (1787-1856). A few observations: I wonder if this was an arranged marriage, due to both spouses sharing the same hometown, and their mothers being sisters, as well as the relative speed of the marriage after immigration. More likely, the families were just very close, and John and Martje probably hit it off fast. 
  • Jacob Sadler and Mary Crowell, 4th great grandparents, 1st cousins: Interestingly, this is my only documented cousin marriage on my father's side, and my father's ancestry is almost entirely Deep Southern and Appalachian! Jacob Sadler (1794-after 1870) was born in Frederick, Maryland to John Conrad Sadler and Seville Crowel; and Mary Crowell (circa 1800-unknown) was born in Virginia to Henry Crowel Sr. and his wife Rachel. They were 1st cousins through Jacob's mother and Mary's father, who were siblings. Seville and Henry were children of Johan Heinrich Grauel (1729-1784), an immigrant from Heuchelheim bei Frankenthal, Germany, and his wife Margaretha Bader, also likely of German descent. These families were part of the Pennsylvania Dutch communities in Maryland and Virginia, although likely had been assimilated into the American mainstream. I doubt either Henry or Seville spoke German, for example. By the time their son Henry Sadler, my 3rd great-grandfather, had moved to West Virginia, there was probably nothing left of their German identity. 
  • Beerd Alberts van Loo and Albertje Gerrits, 6th great grandparents, 1st cousins: This one I only recently discovered, and is just plain fascinating. Beerd Alberts van Loo was baptized on February 14, 1768 in the Veluwe town of Oldebroek to Albert Alberts van Loo and Driesjen Gerrits; while Albertje Gerrits was baptized on September 29, 1771 in Doornspijk to Gerrit Alberts van Loo and Dirkje Gerrits. The fun part? The couple shared all of the same grandparents, because both of their fathers were brothers, and both of their mothers were sisters! Albert Alberts van Loo and Gerrit Alberts van Loo were both sons of Albert Knelissen and Gerrigje Lubberts; while Driesjen Gerrits and Dirkje Gerrits were both daughters of Gerrit Brands and Beertijen Dries. So the couple were 1st cousins, twice over! Definitely a good example of pedigree collapse within my own tree. 
  • Jonathan Brigham and Mary Fay, 8th great grandparents, 1st cousins: This is my only cousin marriage in my New England ancestry. Ensign Jonathan Brigham was born in Marlborough, Massachusetts in 1674 to Thomas Brigham and Mary Rice, while Mary Fay was born in 1675 in Marlborough to John Fay and Mary Brigham. They were 1st cousins through Jonathan's father and Mary's mother, who were siblings. Thomas and Mary were the children of Thomas Brigham, a Puritan Great Migration immigrant from Yorkshire, and Mercy "Hurd", who later remarried to Edmund Rice, the grandfather of Thomas's wife Mary Rice. I'm honestly surprised that this is my only known cousin marriage on my New England side, since there were definitely a lot of them in the past. 
While cousin marriages were common in the past, and can often be found within any well established family tree, it will sometimes amaze you where they can be found. For example, my father's Southern and Appalachian families only had one cousin marriage, on my Pennsylvania Dutch side, while my mother's devoutly religious Dutch family had three, two on the Veluwe side of my Dutch ancestry and one in Puritan New England. Go look over your tree again- maybe you'll find some cousin marriages in your tree!

FURTHER LINKS:
  • https://thegenealogycorner.com/2016/10/05/explore-cousin-marriages-within-your-family-tree/   Explore cousin-marriages… within your family tree!
  • https://blog.genealogybank.com/genealogy-investigation-married-cousins.html   Genealogy Investigation: Married Cousins

Ancestral Discoveries: Toni's Jacobs and Timmer Origins

Note: This is a repost. The Thursday being mentioned is from the week of July 10, 2021 

On Thursday of this week I visited the Herrick District Library to do some Genealogical research, specifically to find two records of interest in my research on my friend Toni's ancestry. These were the baptism records of her 3rd great grandparents, Jan Hendrik Jacobs and Anna Timmer. Here is what I first discovered: 
  • Jan Hendrik Jacobs was baptized on September 8, 1867, seven days after his birth on September 1, at Wilsum, Bentheim, Kingdom of Prussia, as the son of Henderikus and Gurtjen Jacobs. 
  • Anna Timmer was baptized on December 13, 1871, two days after her birth on December 11, at Emlichheim, Bentheim, Province of Hanover, Kingdom of Prussia, as the daughter of Hamannes (probably Hermannes) and Hinderkeen (Hendrikje) Timmer. 
Then I made an excellent find, a marriage record for Jan Hendrik's parents: 
  • Henderikus Jacobs and Geertjen Arends were married on August 23, 1867 at Wilsum, Bentheim, Kingdom of Prussia. This record also provides their dates of birth: Henderikus on June 13, 1842 and Geertjen on October 2, 1845. Like most marriage records, it also provides their parents: Henderikus was the son of Jurrien and Gerritdina Jacobs and Geertjen was the daughter of Harm and Janna Arends. 
All three of these records were found in "Kingdom of Hannover and Province of Hannover, Germany, Lutheran Baptisms, Marriages, and Burials, 1684-1892". 

Tuesday, June 28, 2022

The Seize Quartiers of Toni Marie Mulder

1. Peter P. Mulder (1876-1947) of Holland, Michigan. Descendant of the Mulder family of Groningen, as well as several other Groningen families, including notably the Boven's of Midwolda. The earliest ancestor of the Mulders is Willem Hendriks, probably born around 1750.

2. Bertha Smith (1885-1959) of Holland, Michigan. Ancestry largely untraced, but most likely of entirely Dutch descent. 

3. Henry J. Jacobs (1896-1976) of Holland, Michigan. Descendant of the Jakobs and Timmers families of Grafschaft Bentheim. 

4. Johanna Boeve (1903-1990) of Holland, Michigan. Descendant of various Gelderland and Noord-Brabant families. 

5. John Albert Den Uyl (1878-1927) of Michigan. Descendant of the den Uijl family of Ouddorp, Zuid-Holland, as well as some Zeeland families. Through his mother, he descends from the Renschers family of Winterswijk, Gelderland, and a connection could possibly be traced to Yvette Hoitink, the author of the Dutch Genealogy Blog. 

6. Cornelia Speet (1880-1946) of Holland, Michigan. Descendant of the Speet family of Grafschaft Bentheim, as well as apparently a clutch of Overijissel and Drenthe families. 

7. Fern Philander Barnes (1896-1964) of Allegan County, Michigan. Descendant of the Barnes family of unknown origin, although his paternal grandfather was apparently born in Canada. His mother and her family were from Ohio, and their ancestry is unknown too. 

8. Ida Della Rininger (1905-1983) of Elkhart, Indiana and Allegan County, Michigan. Descendant of a great many interesting lineages. Her great-grandfather was an immigrant from Germany, and another great-grandfather was killed at the Siege of Petersburg. Through her mother she appears to descend from some New Jersey Baptists and Pennsylvania Germans, as well as from the contentious Reverend Joseph Hull and the infamous Alice Martin Bishop, a murderess of Plymouth Colony. 

9-12 are unknown 

13. Desiderio Castaneda (circa 1840-after 1900) of Mexico and Cameron County, Texas. Ancestry unknown, but likely of Mexican descent, as he was apparently born in Mexico. 

14. Brigida Reyes (circa 1855-after 1920) of Cameron County, Texas. Ancestry largely unknown, but she was probably a daughter of Pedro Correa and Jesusa Reyes, which would explain why her surname seems to rotate between the two in the records. She was possibly a descendant through her mother of Melchor De Los Reyes de Ecija, whose descendant José Lazaro Reyes (also possibly an ancestor) was apparently the first Reyes to settle in Spanish Colonial Texas. Supposedly they descended from Alfonso Enríquez, grandson of King Alfonso XI of Castile and Leon. 

15. Bruno Solis Trevino (1880-1954) of Cameron County, Texas. Descendant of the Solis family of Matamoros, Tamaulipas, and a great-great grandson of Juan Jose Solis, grantee of porción 107 in Starr County, Texas and founder of El Soliseño, Mexico. Supposedly a descendant of Captain Juan Cavazos del Campo, an early Spanish colonist and Mayor of Monterrey, Nuevo León. Surnames in his ancestry include Hinojosa, Salinas, Rivas, Villarreal, and Canales. 

16. Hijinia Gonzalez (1887-1967) of Cameron County, Texas. Descendant of several Mexican families in the Matamoros, Tamaulipas area. Earliest traceable ancestor is her great-great grandfather Bernabe Gonzales. Surnames in her ancestry include Ayala, Conde, de los Santos, and Servantes. 

Saturday, March 19, 2022

Dutch Genealogy Links

In order to further Dutch genealogical research, I have compiled a collection of useful links that will hopefully help in researching Dutch ancestors. Note: Many of these links are tailored towards my own research, for example, the cities and provinces that my ancestors were from, however, anyone with Dutch ancestry can find use in most of these links. Enjoy!

GENERAL SOURCES AND SITES:
  • https://www.wiewaswie.nl/en/search/   WieWasWie
  • https://www.openarch.nl/   Openarchives (Openarch)
  • https://www.archieven.nl/en/   Archieven 
  • https://www.delpher.nl/   Delpher 
  • https://www.geneaknowhow.net/digi/resources.html   Digital Resources Netherlands and Belgium 
  • https://www.genealix.nl/   Geneal- IX 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/   Dutch Genealogy Blog (Yvette Hoitink) 
  • https://www.antecedentia.com/   Antecedentia 
  • https://www.facebook.com/groups/2411312042/   Dutch Genealogy Facebook Group 
PROVINCIAL CHURCH/CIVIL REGISTRATION RECORDS: 
  • https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2037882   Netherlands, Drenthe Province, Church Records, 1580-1911
  • https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2026974   Netherlands, Drenthe Province, Civil Registration, 1811-1942
  • https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2040000   Netherlands, Friesland Province, Church Records, 1543-1911
  • https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2026975   Netherlands, Friesland Province, Civil Registration, 1811-1950
  • https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2038506   Netherlands, Gelderland Province, Church Records, 1405-1966
  • https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/1949343   Netherlands, Gelderland Province Civil Registration, 1800-1952
  • https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2037901   Netherlands, Groningen Province, Church Records, 1595-1864
  • https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2026219   Netherlands, Groningen Province, Civil Registration, 1811-1940
  • https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2037960   Netherlands, Noord-Brabant, Church Records, 1473-1965
  • https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2026223   Netherlands, Noord-Brabant Province, Civil Registration, 1811-1942
  • https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2037985   Netherlands, Noord-Holland Province, Church Records, 1523-1948
  • https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2020117   Netherlands, Noord-Holland, Civil Registration, 1811-1950
  • https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2037905   Netherlands, Overijssel Province, Church Records, 1542-1893
  • https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2026211   Netherlands, Overijssel Province, Civil Registration, 1811-1960
  • https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2023934   Netherlands, Utrecht Province, Civil Registration, 1811-1950
  • https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2036997   Netherlands, Zeeland Province, Church Records, 1527-1907
  • https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2026206   Netherlands, Zeeland Province, Civil Registration, 1796-1940
  • https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2037907   Netherlands, Zuid-Holland Province, Church Records, 1367-1916
  • https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/1576401   Netherlands, Zuid-Holland Province, Civil Registration, 1679-1942 
PROVINCIAL ARCHIVES AND SOURCES: 
  • https://allefriezen.nl/en/   AlleFriezen
  • https://www.geldersarchief.nl/   Gelders Archief 
HELPFUL RESEARCH ARTICLES: 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/benefits-of-reasonably-exhaustive-research/   Benefits of Reasonably Exhaustive Research
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/eleven-myths-about-dutch-genealogy/   11 Myths About Dutch Genealogy
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/types-of-dead-ends-dutch-trees/   Types of Dead Ends in a Dutch Tree
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/differences-between-genealogy-in-the-netherlands-and-the-us/   Differences between Genealogy in the Netherlands and the US
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/church-records/   Church records 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/baptismal-record/   Source – Baptismal record
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/birth-record/   Using birth records (geboorteaktes) to find your Dutch ancestors 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/marriage-record/   Marriage record 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/marriage-supplements/   Marriage supplements: gateway to more information about your ancestors 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/civil-registration-death-record/   Death record 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/record-analysis-example-dutch-death-record/   Record Analysis Example – Dutch Death Record
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/different-types-of-death-records/   Quick tip – Use Different Types of Death Records
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/source-notarial-records/   Source – Notarial records 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/source-borgbrief-bond-letter/   Source: Borgbrief (Bond letter) 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/population-registers/   Population registers 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/case-study-subtle-clues-in-population-registers/   Case study: subtle clues in population registers 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/case-study-using-population-registers-to-tell-a-story/   Case study – Using population registers to tell a story 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/use-past-and-next-places-in-population-registers/   Quick tip – Use Past and Next Places in Population Registers 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/cadastre-original-indicator-tables/   Cadastre – Original Indicator Tables
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/cadastral-records-didnt-always-show-the-current-owner/   Quick tip – Cadastral records don’t always show the current owner 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/huis-en-erf-and-other-land-uses/   Dutch terms – “Huis en erf” and other land uses 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/8-tips-finding-address-dutch-ancestors/   7 Tips for Finding the Address of your Dutch Ancestors 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/emigration-in-the-nineteenth-century/   Emigration in the nineteenth century 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/death-duties-files/   Death Duties Files 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/death-duties-files-financial-situation/   Case study – Using Death Duties Files to Gain Insights into the Financial Situation
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/case-study-using-estate-inventories/   Case study – Using Estate Inventories 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/church-council-minutes/   Source: church council minutes 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/prison-records/   Source – Prison Records 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/case-study-working-with-farm-names/   Case study – Working with farm names
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/worst-case-of-pedigree-collapse-ever/   Worst case of pedigree collapse ever?
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/immigrant-example-researching-hiram-bauke-ferverda-1854-1925/   Immigrant example: Researching Hiram B. Ferverda (1854-1925)
  • https://bcgcertification.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Hoitink_Dec2016_Smit.pdf   Griete Smit's Parentage: Proof in the Absence of Vital Records 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/case-study-the-origins-of-jan-dirkse-van-eps/   Case study – the origins of Jan Dirkse van Eps 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/case-study-lammert-huybertsen-brink/   Case study: Lammert Huybertsen Brink 
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/extreme-ancestors-jan-de-witte-age-105-or-not/   Extreme Ancestors – Jan de Witte, age 105 (or not?)
OTHER GENEALOGISTS RESEARCH:
  • https://www.swierenga.com/SwierGeneology.html   Swierenga/Swieringa Family Genealogy and History 
DUTCH HISTORY AND CULTURE: 
  • https://www.britannica.com/place/Netherlands/Cultural-life   Netherlands, Cultural Life 
SOURCES ON THE AFSCHEIDING/RCA/CRC:
  • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/start-of-the-secession/   Start of the secession
  • https://www.swierenga.com/Kampen_pap.html   True Brothers: The Netherlandic Origins of the Christian Reformed Church in North America, 1857-1880 
SOURCES ON THE DUTCH DIASPORA IN MICHIGAN/ILLINOIS: 
  • https://www.swierenga.com/hgspap1204.html   Robert P. Swierenga, "The Western Michigan Dutch" 
  • https://www.swierenga.com/Calvin_lec.html   Place Mattered: The Social Geography of Dutch-American Immigration in the Nineteenth Century
  • https://www.swierenga.com/Hope_pap.html   From Colony to City: Holland's First 25 Years
  • https://www.swierenga.com/Zeeland_lec.html   From Zeeland to Zeeland in 1847 

Sunday, February 27, 2022

My Presbyterian Ancestry

My ancestors practiced many different forms of Christianity, and one of the more interesting denominations my ancestors belonged to was Presbyterianism. I have around seven documented Presbyterian ancestors, as well as a possible eighth. 

Presbyterianism, like the NHK (Nederlands Hervormde Kerk) and its offshoots, is part of the Reformed tradition of Protestantism, which originated with John Calvin in Geneva, Switzerland. The main difference between Presbyterianism and other Reformed traditions is how their congregations are governed. Presbyterian churches are run by councils, or courts, of Elders. Many other Reformed churches are also ran this way, however, the term Presbyterian is often used for churches which trace their roots back to the Church of Scotland or to English dissenter groups which formed during the English Civil War of the mid-1600s. Presbyterianism was brought to the United States mostly by Scottish and Scots-Irish immigrants. 

The first Presbyterian ancestors that I discovered were my great-great grandparents, George Alexander Morris and Rebecca Ann Hall of Covesville, Albemarle, Virginia and Princeton, Mercer, West Virginia. According to their obituaries, both were members of the Presbyterian Church in Princeton, West Virginia. 

Obituary of George Alexander Morris: "Mr. Morris was a member of the local Presbyterian church" and "Funeral service will be conducted at the home at 2 o'clock this afternoon by the Rev. W. R. Smith, Jr., pastor of the Presbyterian church". 

Obituary of Rebecca Ann Hall: "She was a member of the Presbyterian Church" and "Services will be conducted by the Rev. John Womeldorf". 



A few observations: Firstly, because both parents were Presbyterians, I presume my great-grandmother, Mary Roberta Morris, was raised Presbyterian, although I have no evidence of her religious affiliation. I looked up both Reverend W. R. Smith Jr. and Rev. John Womeldorf, but could not find anything on either pastor. I have no evidence of the religious affiliation for either George or Rebecca's parents, so I am unsure whether they themselves became Presbyterians or whether it was a family religion. If it's the latter, I would assume one of them would have Scottish or Scots-Irish ancestry, and that they would possibly descend from Presbyterian immigrants to Virginia from Scotland and/or Northern Ireland. 

The second Presbyterian family in my ancestry that I found were my great-great grandparents, Fred Edwin Wise Sr. and Jeanette Gertrude Harkema, who, while living in Ionia, Michigan, attended the First Presbyterian Church in Ionia. Not much is known about their time as Presbyterians, but they were not raised Presbyterian. Fred's parents were likely Methodists, and Jeanette was baptized at Fourth Reformed Church (RCA) in Holland. In the 1920 Census, the couple and their family are found living in Ionia, Michigan, probably moving there for work due to Fred's job as an Electrician. While living in Ionia, they probably began attending the Presbyterian Church there due to its theological similarities to the RCA. On March 25, 1923, Mr. and Mrs. Fred E. Wise, members in full communion of the First Presbyterian Church in Ionia, were dismissed from the congregation at their own request and recommended to the "Christian care and fellowship" of the First Reformed Church (RCA) of Holland. Some observations: My theory is that Fred and Jeanette only attended the Presbyterian Church in Ionia due to there not being an RCA congregation in Ionia. I'm not sure that Fred was ever a Methodist, despite his parents attending First United Methodist Church of Holland later in life, but Jeanette seemed to be very religious, so the family likely attended the denomination closest to her beliefs, likely the Presbyterian Church. Once the family returned to Holland, they joined First Reformed Church rather then a Presbyterian congregation, seeming to bear this out. My great-grandmother, Gertrude, was likely raised Presbyterian for a few years then, although she later converted to Methodism, possibly due to the influence of her paternal grandparents (just my opinion). Due to the Wise's living in Ionia for a few years and being listed as members in full communion, I presume they attended the Presbyterian Church for at least a couple of years. 


The third Presbyterian family in my ancestry that I've discovered were my 3rd great grandparents, John Ver Hoef Sr. and Martje Karsten, as well as John's father, Albert Ver Hoef. They were members of the Drenthe Scottish Presbyterian Church, located in Zeeland Charter Township, Ottawa County, Michigan. In May 1853, the Reverend R. H. Smit severed connections with the Holland Classis of the Reformed Church, which had a congregation in Drenthe, and joined the Associate Reformed Church, usually called the ‘Scottish Church’, a body which in 1858 was one of the two groups which combined to form the United Presbyterian Church. In Spring 1886, Smit died and it is said that on his deathbed he advised his people to unite with the Christian Reformed Church of Drenthe. In March 1887 some eleven families and some individuals of the Scottish Church joined the Drenthe Christian Reformed Church. One of those families listed is Albert Ver Hoef and Lubbertje Blaauw, my 4th great-grandfather and his second wife. The "Drenthe Scottish Presbyterian Church, List of Women and Their Spouses, 1852-1886" shows Albert VerHoef and Lubbertje Blaauw, as well as Jan VerHoef and Martje Karsten. We find the families again in "Drenthe (Michigan) Presbyterian Church, Family Records 1852-1883", which show Ver Hoef, Albert and Blaauw, Lubbigje, from Nederlandse Hervormde Kerk, Gelderland, Netherlands, with daughter Dirkje; as well as Ver Hoef, Jan and Karsten, Mertje, also from Nederlandse Hervormde Kerk, Gelderland, Netherlands, with sons Maarten and Lubbert. My observations: I presume that Albert and Jan Ver Hoef, as well as their wives, were followers of the Reverend R. H. Smit upon their immigration, which is why they attended the Presbyterian Church rather then the Christian Reformed Church upon their arrival in West Michigan from Doornspijk, Province of Gelderland, Netherlands. Once Smit died and recommended his congregation to the Drenthe Christian Reformed Church, Albert and his wife Lubbertje soon transferred their membership. I do not know when John left the Scottish Church, although he is later found in the records of Central Avenue Christian Reformed Church, showing that he did leave. 

Finally, I have also found a possible ancestor who was a Presbyterian. My 6th great-grandmother, Mourning Collum of Twiggs County, Georgia, who was born around 1783 in North Carolina, is said to be a great-great granddaughter of John Neil McCollum, who was exiled from Scotland in 1685 for his participation in Argyll's Rising against King Charles II. I have not proven her line back to him, but I am pretty certain that her father was William Collum of Edgefield County, South Carolina, where she lived in 1800. I think her descent from John is at least plausible. After his exile from Scotland, John made his life in Somerset County, New Jersey, where he was a founding member of the Presbyterian Church of Basking Ridge. John was an Elder of the Congregation, and it is said that he owned Pew #1 inside the church. John McCollum was a Trustee of the deed granting land for the Congregation. The deed is reproduced as follows: 

"WITNESSETH that the said Thomas and Richard Penn in consideration of the premises, and for promoting and encouraging the good design aforesaid, and of the sum of five shillings paid to them in hand (otherwise gift) by the Party of the Second Part, [John McCollum] the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged and at the special interest and request of the said Presbyterian Congregation now using and frequenting the Meeting House at Baskenridge, to have and to hold the said described 37 acres to the said John McCollum, John Ayres, Samuel Brown, W. Kilpatrick, Ed Lewis and James Todd, in trust TO THE INTENT PURPOSE THAT THE SAID DESCRIBED PIECE OF LAND SHALL BE AND REMAIN FOREVER for the use and service of the said congregation, OR PEOPLE CALLED PRESBYTERIANS, WHO DO, OR SHALL HOLD AND CONTINUE TO HOLD THE SYSTEM OF DOCTRINE CONTAINED IN THE WESTMINSTER CONFESSION OF FAITH AND DIRECTORY, agreeable to the interpretation of THE SYNOD OF NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA, to which they are now united, BUT UNDER AND SUBJECT, NEVERTHELESS, TO THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS AND LIMITATIONS:

That is to say-- Provided alway that no person shall be deemed to belong to said congregation until he has statedly attended upon the Public Worship of God in the said congregation for the space of twelve months. And shall have regularly contributed to the support of the ministry and other charges of the same according to the usage of Presbyterians. Nor shall he be deemed any longer thereof a member than he continues to hold and conform to the Westminster Confession of Faith and Directory And shall continue to attend statedly in orderly manner upon the Public Worship of God in said congregation Steadfastly setting an example of conduct And to be in communion with the said Synods of Philadelphia and New York Providing the ministers shall continue to serve as moderators."

Lists like these are always incomplete, because it is probable I have other Presbyterian ancestors I have not discovered. My lines that probably include Scottish and Scots-Irish ancestry are largely documented, and it is possible that if I find records for those lines, I will find more Presbyterian ancestors.

Nec Tamen Consumebatur

FURTHER SOURCES:
  • https://www.history.pcusa.org/history-online/presbyterian-history/history-church   History of the Presbyterian Church
  • http://files1.wts.edu/uploads/pdf/about/WCF_30.pdf   The Westminster Confession of Faith
  • http://ppcepc.org/   Princeton Presbyterian Church 
  • https://1stpreschurchionia.com/   First Presbyterian Church of Ionia 
  • http://migenweb.org/ottawa/churches/christianref/drenthe.html   History of Drenthe Christian Reformed Church, with Drenthe Presbyterian Church History
  • http://migenweb.org/ottawa/churches/presbyterian/drenthewomen.html   Drenthe Scottish Presbyterian Church, List of Women and Their Spouses, 1852-1886
  • https://library.calvin.edu/guide/collections/hh/in_house_resources/historical_church_records/drenthe_church   Drenthe (Michigan) Presbyterian Church, Family Records 1852-1883 
  • https://brpc.org/who-we-are/church-history/   History of Basking Ridge Presbyterian Church 

Tuesday, February 22, 2022

Ancestral Discoveries: Roelof Frens Strik the Seceder

As most of my maternal ancestry consists of mid-1800s Dutch immigrants to West Michigan, I can trace several lines of descent from members of the Dutch Seceded Churches, or, those who left the NHK (Nederlands Hervormde Kerk/Dutch Reformed Church) in the wake of Hendrik de Cock's 1834 secession in Ulrum, which began the Afscheiding. In West Michigan, my ancestors were certainly involved in the Reformed Churches- my great-grandfather, Alvin John TerVree Sr., was a Deacon at First Reformed Church of Holland, and my 3rd great-grandfather, Pieter Huyser Sr., was an Elder at Beaverdam Reformed Church, for example. But what about back in the Netherlands? Were my ancestors as involved in the Dutch Reformed Church as they were in the Reformed Churches of West Michigan? The short answer is, it doesn't seem so. My maternal grandfather's family just happens to be intensely religious. However, I have recently discovered some interesting information on my 5th great grandfather, Roelof Frens Strik of Smilde, Province of Drenthe (1773-1840), which show his active involvement in the Reformed Church in Smilde, as well as his role in the secession of the Smilde congregation from the NHK. 

In 1816, King Willem I of the Netherlands introduced major changes into the NHK. The Church Order adopted at the Synod of Dort in 1619 was set aside and replaced with a government created hierarchical structure. This also turned the NHK into the State Church. In the old Dutch Republic, the NHK was never the state Church, although it had certain privileges, and public officials were required to be communicant members. These changes were the beginning of the events that led to the Afscheiding. 

My first discovery on Roelof Frens Strik found that he was a Deacon as early as 1817. Apparently, at a church service in 1817, the Reverend Amshoff sang one of the new man-made hymns introduced by the new Reformed church order. Deacon Roelof Strik refused to sing along, because he considered this contrary to God's Word. Because of his actions, he was suspended from the diaconate and later fined. This was a very interesting anecdote to read, especially considering that the introduction of man-made hymns was a major catalyst for the Afscheiding, yet most of the churches descended from the Seceder movement no longer object to man-made hymns. For example, the Christian Reformed Church, which split off from the "liberal" Reformed Church in America in 1857, no longer holds to exclusive psalmody. Despite this, I still admire Strik for taking a stand for what he believed in, especially because of the personal consequences. 

Next, I found that Roelof Frens Strik was an early member of the Consistory of the Seceded Church in Smilde. On November 20, 1834, the nearly eighty-member Afgescheiden Gemeente in Smilde was instituted by the Reverend Hendrik de Cock, the father of the Afscheiding. The first members of the Consistory who were elected were Elders Roelof Strik and Hendrik Heins, as well as Deacons H. Sickens and J. Nuys. The Consistory later met at Strik's home on December 1st. From this, we can conclude that Roelof Strik was a respected figure in the Seceder community of Smilde, due to his election as an Elder. 

The next thing I discovered is that soon after the formation of the Seceded Church in Smilde, the leader of the community, L. Dijkstra, and the Elders, Strik and Heins, went to Mayor Kymmell of Smilde to inform him that a Christian Seceded Congregation had been established, with the request to grant protection to the congregation. However, the mayor referred them to the governor of the Province of Drenthe. On November 25, they went to his residence and were informed that they should turn to the King for such matters, and were warned that King Willem I would certainly not be pleased, because he hated dissent in the Church. 

On November 21st, 1834, a letter was written to the Mayor of Smilde, bearing Strik's signature alongside 35 other individuals. The computer generated translation is rather hard to understand, but at first glance, it appears to be related to the education of children. Apparently, the writers seem to be requesting that they be allowed to have a Seceded educator, D. van der Werp, educate their children, due to problems they saw in the public schools. Three lines from the letter stand out: "being convinced that now in the schools true doctrine is not impressed upon the children, we cannot send them thither without sinning against God", "we cannot let our children grow up like savages, who know nothing" and "we, then, unable to have them vaccinated without staining our consciences before God, wish to obey God more than men". 

On December 11th, 1835, the Consistory of the Seceded Church in Smilde wrote a letter to the King of the Netherlands, requesting that they may freely practice the Seceded religion. The letter starts off by saying that the Dutch Reformed Church is not based on God's Word or the Three Forms of Unity. They reference the Constitution of the Kingdom of the Netherlands to support their claims for freedom to practice their faith. They argue against the commonly used constitutional provision against the Seceders, disturbing the peace, as they say they are the quietest of citizens, the most faithful and peaceful subjects. As they say: "Our slogan is: Fear God, honor the King; which slogan we willingly wish to practice in everything, praying for the salvation of Fatherland and King, but above all for the prosperity and peace of Zion and Jerusalem". The rest of the letter is basically a summary of requests, and is signed by Strik, as well as L. Dijkstra, H. Hein, J. Sickens, J. Nuijs, and the aforementioned teacher, D. van der Werp, the scribe. 

The last thing I found is a negative description of Strik, given by the Mayor in a letter to the governor of Drenthe. He writes: "About the elder R.Strik, a poor carpenter known for the disharmony in which he lives with his wife, as well as his opposing intolerance and his stubborn feelings, which always go hand in hand with [his] stupidity." Essentially, the Mayor describes him as an intolerant, stubborn, stupid man who doesn't get along with his wife (his second wife, I descend from his first wife). What a fascinating description!

At first I doubted that this was my ancestor. However, a quick search on WieWasWie finds no other possible Roelof Strik in Smilde between 1800 and 1850, and the description of him as a carpenter by the Mayor matches his known occupation, as he's listed as a carpenter in all known records. Despite the fact that I probably wouldn't get along with him, I must admire his courage to stand up for his beliefs and faith in a world he considered immoral. I would definitely consider him a role model! 

FURTHER SOURCES: 
  • https://gereformeerdekerken.info/2019/02/07/de-gereformeerde-kerk-te-smilde-1/   DE GEREFORMEERDE KERK TE SMILDE (1)
  • http://oud-schoonebeek.nl/index.php/drenthe/10-kerken-en-preken/170-cocksianen-in-drenthe   Cocksianen in Drenthe
  • https://gw.geneanet.org/kdoumadijkstra?n=dijkstra&oc=&p=1+8+luitzenjochems   Luitzen Jochems Dijkstra (his biography includes a long history of the Afscheiding in Smilde)
  • https://jimdo-storage.global.ssl.fastly.net/file/7bbd01a1-9d38-4a80-824d-7d4916a38bb8/205%20POD%20Drentse%20kerken%205%20jan%202022%20web.pdf   Drentse Kerken
  • https://www.dbnl.org/arch/bos_070arch02_01/pag/bos_070arch02_01.pdf    ARCHIEFSTUKKEN BETREFFENDE DE AFSCHEIDING VAN 1834 

Sunday, January 30, 2022

My Descents from Byzantine Emperors and Nobles

NOTE: Because there are multiple dynasties and families involved, to simplify the presentation, I will only include the Emperor's or Noble's descents down to my gateway ancestor, the Reverend Hawte Wyatt, or to where they intersect with other presented lineages. I have included my descent from him in other posts. 

Descent from Emperor Romanos I Lekapenos: 
  1. Romanos I Lekapenos, Byzantine Emperor and Theodora had:
  2. Agatha Lekapene and Romanos Argyros had:
  3. UNKNOWN Argyros had:
  4. UNKNOWN Argyros had:
  5. Basil Argyros had:
  6. UNKNOWN Argyros and Constantine Diogenes had:
  7. Romanos IV Diogenes, Byzantine Emperor and a daughter of Alusian, briefly Tsar of Bulgaria had:
  8. Constantine Diogenes and Theodora Komnene, sister of Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos had:
  9. Anna Diogenissa and Uroš I, Grand Prince of Serbia had:
  10. Jelena of Serbia and King Béla II of Hungary had:
  11. King Géza II of Hungary and Croatia and Euphrosyne of Kiev had:
  12. King Béla III of Hungary and Croatia and Agnes of Antioch had:
  13. King Andrew II of Hungary and Croatia and Gertrude of Merania had:
  14. King Béla IV the "second founder of the State" of Hungary and Croatia and Maria Laskarina (descendant of Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos) had:
  15. King Stephen V of Hungary and Croatia and Elizabeth the Cuman had:
  16. Mary of Hungary and Charles II the Lame, King of Naples had:
  17. Margaret of Naples and Charles, Count of Valois had
  18. Joan of Valois and William I the Good, Count of Hainaut had:
  19. Philippa of Hainault and Edward III, King of England had:
  20. John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster and Katherine Swynford had:
  21. Joan Beaufort and Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland had: 
  22. Edward Neville, 3rd Baron Bergavenny and Katherine Howard had:
  23. Margaret Neville and John Brooke, 7th Baron Cobham had:
  24. Thomas Brooke, 8th Baron Cobham and Dorothy Heydon had:
  25. Elizabeth Brooke and Sir Thomas Wyatt the Poet had:
  26. Sir Thomas Wyatt the Younger and Jane Haute had:
  27. Sir George Wyatt and Jane Finch had:
  28. The Reverend Hawte Wyatt, Minister of Jamestown, Virginia and Rector of Boxley, Kent
Descent from Emperor Romanos IV Diogenes, defeated at the Battle of Manzikert:

(Descent from Emperor Romanos IV Diogenes is shown in the previous descent, through generation 7)

Descent from Emperor Alexios I Komnenos, initiator of the Komnenian Restoration: 
    1. Alexios I Komnenos, Byzantine Emperor and Irene Doukaina had:
    2. Theodora Komnene and Constantine Angelos had:
    3. Andronikos Doukas Angelos and Euphrosyne Kastamonitissa had:
    4. Isaac II Angelos, Byzantine Emperor and Irene, possibly daughter of Demetrios Tornikes, logothetes of the dromos (possibly a descendant of the Armenian prince Ashot Msaker) had:
    5. Irene Angelina and Philip, King of Germany and Duke of Swabia had:
    6. Maria of Swabia and Henry II, Duke of Brabant had:
    7. Henry III, Duke of Brabant and Adelaide of Burgundy had:
    8. Marie of Brabant and King Philip III "le Hardi" of France had:
    9. Margaret of France and King Edward I "Longshanks" of England had:
    10. Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk and Alice de Hales had:
    11. Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk and John Segrave, 4th Baron Segrave had:
    12. Elizabeth Segrave, 5th Baroness Segrave suo jure and John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray had:
    13. Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk and Elizabeth FitzAlan had:
    14. Margaret de Mowbray and Sir Robert Howard had:
    15. Katherine Howard (intersects with generation 22 of the Diogenes descent
    Descent from Emperor John II Komnenos: 
      1. John II Komnenos, Byzantine Emperor and Saint Irene of Hungary had:
      2. (This generation is unknown. It is only known that generation 3 descends from generation 1)
      3. Eudokia Komnene and William VIII, Lord of Montpellier had:
      4. Maria of Montpellier and King Peter II "the Catholic" of Aragon had:
      5. King James I "the Conqueror" of Aragon and Violant of Hungary had:
      6. Isabella of Aragon and King Philip III "le Hardi" of France had: 
      7. King Philip IV "the Fair" of France and Joan I of Navarre had:
      8. Isabella Capet the She-Wolf of France and King Edward II of England had:
      9. King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault had:
      10. John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster and Katherine Swynford had:
      11. Joan Beaufort (intersects with generation 21 of the Diogenes descent
      Descent from Emperor Isaac II Angelos:

      (Descent from Emperor Isaac II Angelos is shown in the Alexios I Komnenos descent, through generation 4)

      Descent from Emperor Alexios III Angelos:
        1. Alexios III Angelos, Byzantine Emperor and Euphrosyne Doukaina Kamatera had:
        2. Anna Komnene Angelina and Theodore I Laskaris, Emperor of Nicaea had:
        3. Maria Laskarina and King Béla IV the "second founder of the State" of Hungary and Croatia had:
        4. King Stephen V of Hungary and Croatia (intersects with generation 15 of the Diogenes descent)
        Descent from Theodore I Laskaris, Emperor of Nicaea:
        1. Theodore I Laskaris, Emperor of Nicaea and Anna Komnene Angelina had:
        2. Maria Laskarina (intersects with generation 3 in the prior descent)
        Descent from Theophanu: 
        1. Theophanu and Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor had:
        2. Matilda of Germany and Ezzo, Count Palatine of Lotharingia had:
        3. Richeza of Lotharingia and Mieszko II Lambert, King of Poland had:
        4. Richeza of Poland and Béla I, King of Hungary had:
        5. Géza I, King of Hungary and Sophia had:
        6. Álmos, Duke of Hungary, Croatia and Nyitra and Predslava of Kiev had:
        7. Béla II, King of Hungary (intersects with generation 10 of the Diogenes descent)
        Descent from the Doukas family, 1:
        1. Andronikos Doukas had:
        2. John Doukas, Caesar and Usurper of the Byzantine Empire and Eirene Pegonitissa had:
        3. Andronikos Doukas, Protovestiarios and Protoproedros and Maria of Bulgaria had:
        4. Irene Doukaina (intersects with generation 1 of the descent from Alexios I Komnenos) 
        Descent from the Doukas family, 2: 
        1. Generation 3 of the first Doukas descent had:
        2. Michael Doukas, Protostrator had:
        3. Irene Doukaina and Gregory Kamateros, Logothetes ton sekreton had:
        4. Andronikos Doukas Kamateros, Eastern Orthodox theologian and author of "Sacred Arsenal" had:
        5. Euphrosyne Doukaina Kamatera (intersects with generation 1 of the descent from Alexios III Angelos) 
        Descent from the Argyros family:
        1. Leo Argyros, tourmarchēs had:
        2. Eustathios Argyros, Strategos of Charsianon and Droungarios of the Watch had:
        3. Leo Argyros, Protospatharios and Magistros had:
        4. Romanos Argyros (intersects with generation 2 of the descent from Romanos I Lekapenos) 
        Descent from the Kamateros family: 
        1. Basil had:
        2. Gregory Kamateros, Logothetes ton sekreton (intersects with generation 3 of the secound Doukas descent)
        Probable Descent from the Phokas family:
        1. Phokas had:
        2. Nikephoros Phokas the Elder had:
        3. Bardas Phokas the Elder and UNKNOWN Maleinos had:
        4. Leo Phokas the Younger had:
        5. Sophia Phokaina and Konstantinos Skleros possibly had:
        6. Theophanu (subject of the prior descent from her)
        Descent from a relative of the Monomachos family:
        1. Anastasia of Byzantium (relative of Emperor Constantine IX Monomachos) and Vsevolod I, Grand Prince of Kiev had:
        2. Vladimir II Monomakh, Grand Prince of Kiev and Gytha of Wessex had
        3. Mstislav I, Grand Prince of Kiev and Liubava Dmitrievna Zavidich had:
        4. Euphrosyne of Kiev (intersects with generation 11 of the descent from Romanos I Lekapenos) 

        The Byzantine Empire on the eve of the First Crusade 



        Long Live the Eternal Memory of Byzantium and the Imperial City, Constantinople! 

        Further Links: 
        • https://ancientdescents.com/TornikesSummary.htm   Tornikes Ancestry 
        • https://byzantium-blogger.blog/2019/08/19/the-complete-genealogy-of-byzantine-emperors-and-dynasties-special-edition-article/   The Complete Genealogy of Byzantine Emperors and Dynasties (Special Edition Article) 
        • https://listverse.com/2016/10/07/10-dark-secrets-of-the-byzantine-empire/   10 Dark Secrets Of The Byzantine Empire 

        Ancestral Discoveries: The Origins of Jan Wilmers and Grietje Kijfs of Groningen

        One of my newest ancestral discoveries has been one of my most enjoyable ones, as it all began with a theory of mine, and then finding proof for it within days. And this theory discovered two new ancestors! My 6th great grandmother, Isabellina Jans Wilmers, the mother of my immigrant ancestor Jan Derks Harkema, died on February 19, 1826 according to her death record in the Civil Registration. The document shows that Isebellina Jans Wilmers, dagloonersche (day laborer), wife of Derk Berends Harkema, the daughter of Jan Wilmers, wever (weaver) and Grietje Kijfs, weversche (weaver), aged 51 (so born circa 1775), born at Ulrum, Province of Groningen, died on that day in 1826. 

        The original Civil Registration death record

        After finding this death record, the next objective is to research her parents. While trying to discover their marriage record, I found three records related to their marriage on OpenArch. All were hard to understand, but a Reddit comment from u/19november helped me decipher the information in the records. 

        First, on October 12, 1771, is a marriage registratie (registration). 


        The transcription provided by u/19november: "Jan Wilmers van Burgsteinfurt in het Graafschap Bentheim (Ps? Probably stands for Pruisen); en Grietje Kijf van Groningen, pro qua Hendrik Jan Kijf als Vader.Cop??? Van ad??ie gepasseert. 

        Sidenote: met belastinge te Alrum en Vierhuisen"

        What does this mean? "Jan Wilmers from Burgsteinfurt in the County of Bentheim (Prussia) and Grietje Kijf from Groningen, pro qua (Latin for "for who stands", might be who’s giving her away/who is her legal guardian cause women’s rights in the 1700s) Hendrik Jan Kijf as father. As for the last sentence, all of the other records have the date on which it was written here, but this one doesn’t. I think it may be copied from another book of records, like the second one is as well. The sidenote is: with taxes in Alrum and Vierhuisen"

        Basically, Jan Wilmers of Burgsteinfurt and Grietje Kijfs from Groningen registered to marry on October 12, 1771, with her being given away/or allowed to marry by her father, Hendrik Jan Kijf. 

        On to the second record: a marriage contract from 13 days later, October 25th, 1771. 


        According to u/19november, this record was "long and prosaic" so he didn't transcribe it, although he did translate the bullet points for us. It shows: 

        "* Henricus Cleveringa (lotta titles) was the (possibly mayor?) who wrote the record/did the marriage   

        * Jan Wilmert is the groom, Grietje Kijff (with two ff’s!) is the bride  

        * Friends and witnesses (dedigslieden, had to google that one) were present and agreed to it all.      

        * There’s goods that both bring into the marriage, which will belong to both of them and will become part of the inheritance “na de egte beslaping”

        * So I did some googling on that last phrase, and I found it in more old records. I think it may mean after consummation of the marriage, but I’m not 100% confident on that. Will search on later.

        * Inheritance stuff: if there’s no children, the surviving spouse gets everything. If the deceased still owes anyone anything, the surviving spouse will pay them back. Any children born in the marriage will get equal parts.

        * Witnesses for the groom: Lammer Classen and Hindericus Pieter(s?) Vriessen. It says “als dedigslieden” which means as witnesses, with no mention of the relationship.

        * Witnesses for the bride: Hindrik Jan Kijff en Willemtje Hindriks als vader en moeder. “as father and mother”

        * In the year of our lord 1771, October 25th

        * Interesting info from the side note: this is a copy of the original, which was written in French and confirmed with a seal of green wax" 

        This is a fascinating discovery! This record is extremely important, because not only does it name her father (like in the preceding document), it names her mother! This allowed me to find Grietje's baptism, which I will get back to later. It is also just fascinating to find a marriage contract like this!

        And on to the third and final of the marriage records: their actual marriage, on December 1, 1771. 


        The transcription and translation provided by u/19november: "*Den 2 november hebben haar huwlijks proclamatie laten aanteikene Jan Wilemer(s/t) van hier en Grietje Kijf(f/s) van Groningen en zijn alhier getrouwt den 1 december.*

        On the 2nd of November, Jan Wilemer(s/t) (those two letters are remarkably similar and also spelling was iffy) from here and Grietje Kijf(f/s) from Groningen and were married here on December 1st.

        Since Jan was noted on the third record as being "from here", he probably did move there before the wedding, since the "from" part in this type of record would usually be where you lived, not where you were born."

        Thanks to these three marriage records and the excellent analysis from Reddit, we are now able to show that Jan Wilmers, originally from Burgsteinfurt, Germany (part of the County of Bentheim-Steinfurt, Holy Roman Empire), and Grietje Kijfs, from Groningen, daughter of Hendrik Jan Kijfs and Willemtje Hindriks, married in Ulrum, Province of Groningen, on December 1, 1771, preceded by a marriage contract. 

        Is there more that can be discovered on this family? While I haven't found any more information on Jan Wilmers or his origins in the Holy Roman Empire yet, I have discovered the baptism of Grietje Kijfs, thanks to the marriage contract naming both her parents and her city of origin!


        According to this record, Grietien, daughter of Hindrik Kijff and Willemina Hindrix, born in Groningen (with a reference to the Poelestraat, likely the street her family lived on) was baptized on November 19, 1748 in Groningen, at the Martinikerk, or Martin's Church, the oldest church in Groningen. Further searching also yielded the baptism of a sister Cornelia on July 26, 1747 at the same church. 


        The Martinikerk today


        The Martinikerk
        City Atlas by Georg Braun and Frans Hogenberg 1575


        The Horse Inspection (Martinikerk in the background)
        by Otto Eerelman 1920

        All of these discoveries have led to a very interesting picture being formed of this family, and there's always more research to be done!

        Friday, January 28, 2022

        My United States Roots: Kansas

        My ancestors in the United States have been traced to 24 different States, and if you count marriages as well, 25. As an American citizen, born and raised in the USA, this is a very beautiful thing. It makes me feel very strongly connected to the history and future of our nation. So in order to document my American ancestry, I feel it is best to go by State, to properly understand my ancestors in the context of their lives. 

        The State that my ancestors lived in the shortest is Kansas, the Sunflower State, in the Midwest. Only one of my ancestors lived there, Louisa Maria Goossen, my 3rd great grandmother. According to a book signed by relatives in the possession of my maternal grandfather, after Louisa's remarriage to Henry Schipperus in 1886, the couple moved to Wichita, Sedgewick County, Kansas, the largest city in the State. Their reasons for moving out to Kansas are unknown, although they lived there for at least a few years before returning to Chicago, Illinois, at least in 1888 and 1891. In 1888 they ran an ice cream parlor in Wichita, at 312 Bernice. Due to the destruction of the 1890 Census, no Census records exist which document their presence in Kansas, which is why records like postcards and books and other family heirlooms are so important for genealogy- you may miss important details!

        On Ancestry.com, three historical insights are available which give context to Louisa's time in Wichita. First, the Schoolhouse Blizzard of January 1888. While I do not know when exactly she arrived in Wichita, it is possible that she lived through this event. On January 12, 1888, the Great Plains States, which included Kansas, were struck by a sudden Blizzard, when a warm day was struck with a freak blizzard. Children were stuck at school, which is why it's called the Schoolhouse Blizzard. Overall, 235 people died, including 213 school children. I wonder how my ancestor was affected by this event? Second is the Chisholm Trail. Wichita was one of many towns apparently on the Chisholm Trail, which was a trail used in the post-Civil War era to drive cattle overland from ranches in Texas to Kansas railheads. And third is an especially one. Everyone with early 1900s USA roots knows about the prohibition of Alcohol, and many people have family stories relating to that time. But apparently, Kansas had a prohibition law on the books before national prohibition came into effect. Kansas added alcohol prohibition to the State Constitution in 1881, and this kicked off a never-ending battle, because prohibition never works. Because Louisa and her family were staunch Reformed Christians, I presume that they were supporters of prohibition. These are just some of the historical events that impacted my ancestor, Louisa Maria Goossen, during her time in Kansas. 

        Oh, give me a home where the buffalo roam,
        Where the deer and the antelope play,
        Where seldom is heard a discouraging word
        And the skies are not cloudy all day.




        Sedgewick County, Kansas- the location of Wichita


        Monday, January 17, 2022

        Examples of Maternal Surname Inheritance in my Grafschaft Bentheim Ancestry

        Like many other Dutch American residents of West Michigan, I have a couple of immigrant ancestors from Grafschaft Bentheim, a small, culturally unique region of West Germany on the border with the Netherlands. The people of Grafschaft Bentheim are not Dutch, nor are they German. If you ask them about their identity, they will tell you in their language, Plattdeutsch (Low German): "Wy bin’t Groofshappers!, or, we are Grafschafters! 

        One aspect of their unique culture that has come up in a bit in my research is the maternal inheritance of surnames, which wasn't universal, but common enough for me to notice it happening quite a bit. These were often farm names, as at that time, farm ownership was more important than the family name. 

        According to Bertram Sluys: "A child taking the last name of his mother was actually a fairly common practice in the Netherlands before 1811.  Sometimes the family didn't want a specific name to disappear; in some areas the family inherited the mother's property and the last name went with the property.  Sometimes no reason is apparent.  Check to see if other families in the Hanover area have the same thing happening in the early 1800's.  I know it was happening for property reasons in Grafschaft Bentheim on the border of the Netherlands, considered to belong to Hanover at that time. I have one ancestor from this time period who went by 6 last names: his father's last name and the names coming with his wife's 2 properties, all in Dutch and in German. His daughter inherited the property in Grafschaft Bentheim, so she and her husband also took the name of the property as their last name." 

        For research purposes, I have compiled a list of examples of this that I have found in my Bentheim ancestry: 
        • 3rd great grandmother, Swenne Hulshuis, took the surname of Hulshuis from her mother, her father was surnamed Vos 
        • 4th great grandfather, Gerrit Jan Vos, took the surname of Vos from his mother, his father was surnamed Keuter
        • 4th great grandfather, Jan Hendrik Grote, took the surname of Grote from his mother, his father was surnamed Jurjens
        • 5th great grandfather, Berend Jurjens, took the surname of Jurjens from his mother, his father was surnamed Blekker
        • 6th great grandmother, Fenne Jurjens, took the surname of Jurjens from her mother, her father was surnamed Haamberg
        • 6th great grandmother, Swenne Smit, took the surname of Smit from her mother, her father was surnamed Bekhuis
        • 6th great grandmother, Fenne Tijiink, took the surname of Tijink from her mother, her father was surnamed Gruskamp 
        • 6th great grandfather, Berend Vos, took the surname of Vos from his mother, his father was surnamed Koondering
        • 6th great grandfather, Evert de Weerd, took the surname of de Weerd his mother, his father was surnamed Schüürman 

        Sunday, January 16, 2022

        Ancestral Discoveries: Dutch Marriage Supplements at last!

        In my many years of researching my Dutch ancestry, I've learned that Dutch records are plentiful, but you have to know what you're doing in order to find them. One of the most crucial records for Dutch research after the introduction of the 1811 Civil Registration are the Huwelijksbijlagen, or Marriage Supplements. Ever since 1811, the bride and groom were required to submit several records to prove their eligibility to get married. These records almost always include certified extracts of birth records for the bride and groom, and most importantly, a National Militia Certificate for the groom, which would show that the groom performed his required military duties, due to conscription. These documents usually contained physical descriptions until about 1861, as well as their signature. As I descend from several Dutch couples who married after 1811, these records have long been sought-after by me, especially for the National Militia Certificates. Yet, for the longest time, I have been unable to find any- until yesterday! How did this change, and what does this mean for my Dutch research going forward? 

        First of all, the Huwelijksbijlagen are not indexed. This is the main problem for researchers, as it means you have to sift through the collections to find them. These collections are not found on WieWasWie or seemingly most of the other main Dutch genealogy sites. These collections can be found on FamilySearch, under the appropriate Province's civil registration records. However, you need to know a few details on what you're looking for, or otherwise, like me, you'll quickly find yourself lost within the records. 

        Here's how I figured out how to find them. First, if you have the marriage record on WieWasWie, look for the Aktenummer (Source number on the English version of the site). Most of the Municipal collections of the Huwelijksbijlagen are sorted by year, and then by Aktenummer. This will usually lead you right to the Marriage Supplements for your ancestors. 

        For example, my 6th great grandparents, Jan Been Stephanus and Jantjen Zwep, were married on February 12, 1825 in Elburg, Province of Gelderland. This is after 1811, so Huwelijksbijlagen should exist for this marriage. When I look at the marriage record on WieWasWie, I notice that the Aktenummer is 2. With this information, I can go to FamilySearch and access the collection of Gelderland Civil Registration Records on the site. Under Elburg, I find "Huwelijksbijlagen 1822-1842". Within this collection, I would sift through it until I find 1825, and then the second set of marriage supplements for that year would be the ones for my ancestors. Luckily, I found the supplements for this marriage using these steps, and several others too! The only supplements I had trouble finding were for my 4th great grandparents, Gerrit ter Vree and Gesiena Kamferbeek, but this is because Zwolle, where they married, apparently did not index their Huwelijksbijlagen very well. I found the records after a bit of looking, but it was much harder then for the rest of my ancestors. 

        While I haven't actively studied the Marriage Supplements I have found yet, I seem to have found a new facts, for example, the Baptism date of my 4th great grandfather Gerrit ter Vree and the birth city of my 5th great grandfather Jan Verhoef. Several of my ancestors have physical descriptions on their National Militia Certificates that I would love to analyze, as well as signatures, and my 4th great grandfather Hendrik Otte's Certificate seems to list his regiment, in the Infantry. The Marriage Supplements for my 4th great grandfather Quirinus Huijser seem to include several extracts that could lead to breakthroughs in his ancestry. And this is only what I've found at first glance! Who knows what I will find if I keep looking! And I still have more to find! 

        Further Links
        • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/marriage-supplements/   Marriage supplements: gateway to more information about your ancestors
        • https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/physical-descriptions-in-military-records/   Physical descriptions in military records 
        • https://www.antecedentia.com/2020/06/marriage-supplements-for-jan-pieter-pool/   Marriage Supplements For Jan Pieter Pool 

        Ancestral Discoveries: The Death Certificate of Alfred Morris

        Ever since I began researching the ancestry of my mysterious paternal grandfather, Luther Allen Saddler Sr., I have found roadblock after roadblock when it comes to my Appalachian roots. This is because Appalachia, and by extension the Deep South, either didn't keep good records, they were lost, or indexed poorly. 

        By far and away, the worst example of this is my 3rd great grandparents, Alfred Morris and Julia Bragg, of Covesville, Albemarle County, Virginia. Even though they both died after 1930 (and Julia after 1940), neither of them seemed to have extant Death Certificates, records, obituaries, graves, anything. The State of Virginia began statewide registration of deaths in 1912, so their deaths had to have been recorded. Yet for years, neither me nor a relative who researches this family could find anything on their deaths. What did we know? In 1930, Alfred Morris, aged 82, and his wife Julia, aged 71, lived with a boarder, Joseph L. Baber, 64, in Samuel Miller, Albemarle County, Virginia. In 1938 Alfred and Julia's son, George Alexander Morris (my 2nd great grandfather) died, and his obituary states that his mother survives him, so we knew Alfred died between 1930 and 1938, while Julia died after 1940 (she appears in the 1940 Census as well). 

        The other day, I posted on Reddit about this conundrum. And much to my amazement, within minutes, a very helpful Redditor had posted a link to Alfred's death certificate, incorrectly indexed on Ancestry as Alfred Mims. It shows that Alfred Morris, aged 84, a farmer, husband of Julia Morris, died on April 13, 1931 in Samuel Miller, Albemarle County, Virginia, of Aortic Regurgitation. Everything is consistent with what we know about his life, down to his place of death. It is almost certainly the same Alfred Morris as my 3rd great grandfather. 

        This is an amazing find, after several years of looking and confusion. Thanks u/phronimost for your help! 

        Friday, January 14, 2022

        My Descent from the Royal Piast Dynasty

        1. Chościsko had:

        2. Piast the Wheelwright, Duke of the Polans and Rzepicha had: 

        3. Siemowit, Duke of the Polans had:

        4. Lestek, Duke of the Polans had:

        5. Siemomysł, Duke of the Polans had:

        6. Mieszko I, Duke and Baptizer of Poland and Doubravka of Bohemia had:

        7. Bolesław I the Brave, King of Poland and Emnilda of Lusatia had:

        8. Mieszko II Lambert, King of Poland and Richeza of Lotharingia had:

        9. Casimir I the Restorer, Duke of Poland and Maria Dobroniega of Kiev had:

        10. Władysław I Herman, Duke of Poland and Judith of Bohemia had:

        11. Bolesław III Wrymouth, Duke of Poland and Zbyslava of Kiev had:

        12. Władysław II the Exile, High Duke of Poland and Duke of Silesia and Agnes of Babenberg had:

        13. Richeza of Poland and Alfonso VII, King of León and Castile had:

        14. Sancho III, King of Castile and Toledo and Blanca of Navarre had:

        15. Alfonso VIII, King of Castile and Toledo and Eleanor of England had:

        16. Berengaria of Castile and Alfonso IX, King of León and Galicia had:

        17. Saint Ferdinand III, King of León, Galicia, Castile, and Toledo and Joan of Ponthieu had:

        18. Eleanor of Castile and Edward I, King of England had:

        19. Edward II, King of England and Isabella Capet the She-Wolf of France had:

        20. Edward III, King of England and Philippa of Hainault had: 

        21. John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster and Katherine Swynford had: 

        22. Joan Beaufort and Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland had: 

        23. Edward Neville, 3rd Baron Bergavenny and Katherine Howard had: 

        24. Margaret Neville and John Brooke, 7th Lord Cobham had: 

        25. Thomas Brooke, 8th Lord Cobham and Dorothy Heydon had: 

        26. Elizabeth Brooke and Sir Thomas Wyatt the Poet had: 

        27. Sir Thomas Wyatt the Rebel and Jane Haute had: 

        28. Sir George Wyatt and Jane Finch had: 

        29. The Reverend Hawte Wyatt and Anne Cox had: 

        30. John Wyatt I had: 

        31. John Wyatt II had: 

        32. Ann Wyatt and John Stafford had: 

        33. Joshua Stafford, R.S. and Martha had: 

        34. Ezekiel Stafford and Mary Eastwood had: 

        35. Mary Stafford and John Pittman had: 

        36. Noah Gideon Pittman, C.S.A and Elizabeth Partin had: 

        37. Mary Elizabeth Pittman and Joseph Franklin Winn Jr. had: 

        38. John Washington Winn Sr. and Lula Lavene Benton had: 

        39. John Washington Winn Jr. and Ethel Clemons had: 

        40. LIVING and Luther Allen Saddler Jr. had: 

        41. Brian Keith Winn and LIVING had: 

        42. Me! 



        Wednesday, January 5, 2022

        My Descent from the Royal House of Dunkeld

        1. Kenneth MacAlpin, King of the Picts had:

        2. Constantine I, King of the Picts had:

        3. Donald II the Madman, King of the Picts had:

        4. Malcolm I, King of Alba had:

        5. Kenneth II the Fratricide, King of Alba and a woman of Leinster had:

        6. Malcolm II the Destroyer, King of Scots had:

        7. Bethóc ingen Maíl Coluim meic Cináeda and Crínán, hereditary Abbot of Dunkeld had: 

        8. Duncan I the Diseased, King of Alba and Suthen had:

        9. Malcolm III Canmore, King of Alba and Saint Margaret of Wessex had:

        10. Saint David I, King of Scotland and Maud of Huntingdon had:

        11. Henry of Scotland, Earl of Northumberland and Huntingdon and Ada de Warenne had:

        12. William the Lion, King of Scotland and Ermengarde de Beaumont, great-granddaughter of King Henry I of England, had: 

        13. Alexander II, King of Scotland had: 

        14. Marjory of Scotland and Alan Durward, descendant of two prominent Gaelic mormaer families, had: 

        15. Anne Durward and William de Ferrers had:

        16. Sir William de Ferrers, 1st Lord Ferrers of Groby and Ellen de Menteith had: 

        17. Henry Ferrers, 2nd Baron Ferrers and Isabel de Verdun had: 

        18. Elizabeth de Ferrers and David de Strathbogie, 12th Earl of Atholl had: 

        19. Elizabeth de Strathbogie and Sir John le Scrope had: 

        20. Elizabeth le Scrope and Thomas Clarell had: 

        21. Elizabeth Clarell and Sir Richard FitzWilliam had: 

        22. 






        39. Brian Keith Winn and LIVING had: 

        40. Me!